Post a brief explanation of three important components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements important. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned
Discussion: The Psychiatric Evaluation and Evidence-Based Rating Scales
Assessment tools have two primary purposes: 1) to measure illness and diagnose clients, and 2) to measure a client’s response to treatment. Often, you will find that multiple assessment tools are designed to measure the same condition or response. Not all tools, however, are appropriate for use in all clinical situations. You must consider the strengths and weaknesses of each tool to select the appropriate assessment tool for your client. For this Discussion, as you examine the assessment tool assigned to you by the Course Instructor, consider its use in psychotherapy.
To Prepare:
- Review this week’s Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide regarding psychiatric assessment and diagnosis.
- Consider the elements of the psychiatric interview, history, and examination.
- Consider the assessment tool assigned to you by the Course Instructor.
Post a brief explanation of three important components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements important. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned. Explain when it is appropriate to use this rating scale with clients during the psychiatric interview and how the scale is helpful to a nurse practitioner’s psychiatric assessment. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.
Rubric Detail
| Excellent | Good | Fair | Poor | |||
| Main Posting:
Response to the discussion question is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis representative of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. |
40 (40%) – 44 (44%)
Thoroughly responds to the discussion question(s). Is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis representative of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. No less than 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least 3 current credible sources. |
35 (35%) – 39 (39%)
Responds to most of the discussion question(s). Is somewhat reflective with critical analysis and synthesis representative of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. 50% of the post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least 3 credible references. |
31 (31%) – 34 (34%)
Responds to some of the discussion question(s). One to two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed. Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Post is cited with fewer than 2 credible references. |
0 (0%) – 30 (30%)
Does not respond to the discussion question(s). Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria. Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Contains only 1 or no credible references. |
||
| Main Posting:
Writing |
6 (6%) – 6 (6%)
Written clearly and concisely. Contains no grammatical or spelling errors. Further adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Written concisely. May contain one to two grammatical or spelling errors. Adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Written somewhat concisely. May contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Contains some APA formatting errors. |
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Not written clearly or concisely. Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style. |
||
| Main Posting:
Timely and full participation |
9 (9%) – 10 (10%)
Meets requirements for timely, full, and active participation. Posts main discussion by due date. |
8 (8%) – 8 (8%)
Posts main discussion by due date. Meets requirements for full participation. |
7 (7%) – 7 (7%)
Posts main discussion by due date. |
0 (0%) – 6 (6%)
Does not meet requirements for full participation. Does not post main discussion by due date. |
||
| First Response:
Post to colleague’s main post that is reflective and justified with credible sources. |
9 (9%) – 9 (9%)
Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Responds to questions posed by faculty. The use of scholarly sources to support ideas demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. |
8 (8%) – 8 (8%)
Response has some depth and may exhibit critical thinking or application to practice setting. |
7 (7%) – 7 (7%)
Response is on topic, may have some depth. |
0 (0%) – 6 (6%)
Response may not be on topic, lacks depth. |
||
| First Response:
Writing |
6 (6%) – 6 (6%)
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Response to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in Standard, Edited English. |
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Communication is mostly professional and respectful to colleagues. Response to faculty questions are mostly answered, if posed. Provides opinions and ideas that are supported by few credible sources. Response is written in Standard, Edited English. |
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Response posed in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Response to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Few or no credible sources are cited. |
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Responses posted in the discussion lack effective communication. Response to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited. |
||
| First Response:
Timely and full participation |
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Meets requirements for timely, full, and active participation. Posts by due date. |
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Meets requirements for full participation. Posts by due date. |
3 (3%) – 3 (3%)
Posts by due date. |
0 (0%) – 2 (2%)
Does not meet requirements for full participation. Does not post by due date. |
||
| Second Response:
Post to colleague’s main post that is reflective and justified with credible sources. |
9 (9%) – 9 (9%)
Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Responds to questions posed by faculty. The use of scholarly sources to support ideas demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. |
8 (8%) – 8 (8%)
Response has some depth and may exhibit critical thinking or application to practice setting. |
7 (7%) – 7 (7%)
Response is on topic, may have some depth. |
0 (0%) – 6 (6%)
Response may not be on topic, lacks depth. |
||
| Second Response:
Writing |
6 (6%) – 6 (6%)
Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Response to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in Standard, Edited English. |
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Communication is mostly professional and respectful to colleagues. Response to faculty questions are mostly answered, if posed. Provides opinions and ideas that are supported by few credible sources. Response is written in Standard, Edited English. |
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Response posed in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Response to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Few or no credible sources are cited. |
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Responses posted in the discussion lack effective communication. Response to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited. |
||
| Second Response:
Timely and full participation |
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Meets requirements for timely, full, and active participation. Posts by due date. |
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Meets requirements for full participation. Posts by due date. |
3 (3%) – 3 (3%)
Posts by due date. |
0 (0%) – 2 (2%)
Does not meet requirements for full participation. Does not post by due date. |
||
| Total Points: 100 | ||||||
Name: NRNP_6635_Week2_Discussion_Rubric
Expert Answer and Explanation
The Psychiatric Evaluation and Evidence-Based Rating Scales
Components of Psychiatric Interview
The first important component of a psychiatric interview is the history of the present illness. The component is important because it can provide data about the present symptoms and the impact of symptoms on the patient’s social system (Sando et al., 2017). The component can provide data about the impact of the condition on the patient’s work, social interaction, and family and whether the patient has social support (Sadock et al., 2017).
When collecting data about the present symptoms, the professional should ask about the patient’s sleep quality, level of energy, concentration, appetite, and whether the patient experiences social thoughts. The second important component is psychiatric history (Medeasy, 2017). This component is significant because it can provide about whether the patient has suffered mental health problems in the past. After collecting this data, the psychiatrist will know whether the patient’s current symptoms are recurrent or are signs of a new disease.
The third vital component during the psychiatric interview is a mental status exam. The mental status exam will provide data about the patient’s general appearance (Sadock et al., 2017). Some of the data that can be collected using this component are the patient’s dressing code and general hygiene (Medeasy, 2017).
The psychiatrist will also collect data about the patient’s eye contact, cooperation, and motor movements. The mental status exam can also provide information about the patient’s speech (Sando et al., 2017). When assessing the patient’s speech, the patient will describe its rate, grammar, fluency, or volume. Mode and affect of the patient will also be realized during the mental status exam.
Psychometric Properties of PTSD Checklist (PCL)
Gelaye et al. (2017) note that PCL is one of the greatly used tools to measure PTSD symptoms. The first psychometric property of the tool is that it is valid and acceptable in measuring PTSD. Gelaye et al. (2017) conducted a study to examine the validity of PCL in screening pregnant patients for PTSD. The authors note that the PCL designed in the Spanish language can be used by mental health professionals to screen pregnant patients for PTSD.
In other words, the authors note that the PCL is acceptable and can be used to screen patients who may have PTSD. The second psychometric property of the PCL tool is that it is reliable. Gelaye et al. (2017) also found that the tool is reliable and factorial. Ibrahim et al. (2018) also conducted a study and found that PCL is reliable and can be used to screen people for PTSD. The authors concluded that PCL can be used to assess and screen Arab and Kurdish populations because it achieved the optional balance of specificity and sensitivity.
Another study that also supports the reliability and validity of the PCL tool was done by Mat Salleh et al. (2020). The results of Mat Salleh et al. (2020)’s study shows that the internal consistency reliability of the tool was 0.95, meaning that the tool is acceptable used be applied in assessing PTSD among patients.
Mahmoudi and Amini (2020) also conducted a study and found that PCL is an accurate and sensitive tool for measuring and assessing the level of PTSD among people who have experienced accidents and disasters. The authors concluded that the tool can be used to measure PTSD to promote the victims’ health. Based on the findings above, the tool can be used to assess patients with PTSD during the psychiatric interview because it is reliable and valid. The tool is vital in nursing because it can provide reliable and valid data about the rate of the patient’s PTSD condition.
References
Gelaye, B., Zheng, Y., Medina-Mora, M. E., Rondon, M. B., Sánchez, S. E., & Williams, M. A. (2017). Validity of the posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD) checklist in pregnant women. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1304-4
Ibrahim, H., Ertl, V., Catani, C., Ismail, A. A., & Neuner, F. (2018). The validity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) as screening instrument with Kurdish and Arab displaced populations living in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. BMC psychiatry, 18(1), 1-8. https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-018-1839-z#Sec17
Mahmoudi, O., & Amini, M. R. (2020). The Reliability and Validity of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) in the Earthquake-Stricken Population of Kermanshah, Iran. International Journal of Health and Life Sciences, 6(2). https://sites.kowsarpub.com/ijhls/articles/101860.html
Mat Salleh, M.N., Ismail, H. and Mohd Yusoff, H. (2020), “Reliability and validity of a post-traumatic checklist-5 (PCL-5) among fire and rescue officers in Selangor, Malaysia”, Journal of Health Research, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-11-2019-0243
Medeasy. (2017). Psychiatric history taking and the mental status examination | USMLE & COMLEX. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5KwDgWX8L8
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2017). Psychiatric interview, history, and mental status examination. In Kaplan and Sadock’s Concise Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry (4th ed., pp. 9–15). Wolters Kluwer.
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FAQs
What is a psychiatric interview
A psychiatric interview is a type of clinical interview that is conducted by a trained mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or licensed therapist, to assess a patient’s mental health status, diagnose mental health conditions, and develop an effective treatment plan.
The psychiatric interview is typically conducted face-to-face and can last anywhere from 30 minutes to several hours, depending on the patient’s needs and the mental health professional’s assessment goals. During the interview, the mental health professional will ask the patient a series of questions about their mental health history, current symptoms, and other factors that may impact their mental health, such as their physical health, family history, and social support system.
The psychiatric interview typically includes several components, including a patient history, mental status examination, and risk assessment. During the patient history component, the mental health professional will gather information about the patient’s medical and psychiatric history, as well as their family history and any relevant life events that may be impacting their mental health.
The mental status examination involves observing and evaluating the patient’s current cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. This evaluation covers a range of areas, including the patient’s appearance, mood, thought processes, speech, perception, and overall mental state.
Assessment of risk is a critical component of the psychiatric interview. This involves evaluating the potential for self-harm, harm to others, or any other dangerous behaviors. The interviewer should ask questions about suicidal or homicidal ideation, plans, and behaviors, as well as any history of self-harm or suicide attempts.
Overall, the psychiatric interview is an essential tool for mental health professionals in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions. By obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s mental health status and needs, mental health professionals can develop a personalized treatment plan that is tailored to the individual’s specific needs.
Three important components of psychiatric interview
The psychiatric interview is a critical tool used to gather information about an individual’s mental health status, including symptoms, behaviors, and overall functioning. There are several important components of a psychiatric interview, but three of the most crucial ones are:
- Patient History: Obtaining a comprehensive history of the patient is crucial in establishing a correct diagnosis and developing a suitable treatment plan. The interviewer must ask about the patient’s past and current medical and psychiatric history, as well as any family history of mental health problems, substance use, and other relevant details.
- Mental Status Examination: The mental status examination involves observing and evaluating a patient’s current cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. This evaluation covers a range of areas, including the patient’s appearance, mood, thought processes, speech, perception, and overall mental state.
- Assessment of Risk: Assessing a patient’s level of risk is a critical component of the psychiatric interview. This involves evaluating the potential for self-harm, harm to others, or any other dangerous behaviors. The interviewer should ask questions about suicidal or homicidal ideation, plans, and behaviors, as well as any history of self-harm or suicide attempts.
These three components are just a few of the critical elements that make up a comprehensive psychiatric interview. Other important factors may include assessing the patient’s social support, cultural background, and treatment history. Ultimately, the goal of a psychiatric interview is to gather all the necessary information to accurately diagnose and treat the patient’s mental health condition.
Importance of psychiatric interview
The psychiatric interview is a fundamental tool used by mental health professionals to assess an individual’s mental health status, determine an accurate diagnosis, and develop an effective treatment plan. The interview is typically conducted by a trained mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or a psychologist.
There are several reasons why the psychiatric interview is an essential part of the assessment and treatment process, including:
- Accurate Diagnosis: One of the primary goals of a psychiatric interview is to obtain an accurate diagnosis. By gathering information about a patient’s symptoms, behaviors, and overall mental health status, a mental health professional can develop a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s condition and make an appropriate diagnosis. An accurate diagnosis is essential to ensure that the patient receives the appropriate treatment for their specific mental health condition.
- Individualized Treatment Planning: The psychiatric interview provides a wealth of information that can be used to develop an individualized treatment plan for the patient. By understanding the patient’s unique circumstances and needs, the mental health professional can develop a treatment plan that is tailored to the individual’s specific mental health condition.
- Risk Assessment: The psychiatric interview is also an important tool for assessing a patient’s level of risk. By asking about suicidal or homicidal ideation, plans, and behaviors, the interviewer can identify patients who may be at risk of harming themselves or others. This information is critical in developing an appropriate treatment plan and ensuring the patient’s safety.
- Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship: The psychiatric interview also provides an opportunity for the patient and the mental health professional to establish a therapeutic relationship. By building a trusting relationship with the patient, the mental health professional can help the patient feel more comfortable and willing to engage in the treatment process.
Overall, the psychiatric interview is a crucial tool for mental health professionals in assessing and treating patients with mental health conditions. By obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s mental health status and needs, mental health professionals can develop a personalized treatment plan that is tailored to the individual’s specific needs.
Types of psychiatric interview
There are several types of psychiatric interviews that mental health professionals can use to assess a patient’s mental health status and develop an appropriate treatment plan. Here are some of the most common types of psychiatric interviews:
- Structured Clinical Interview: A structured clinical interview is a standardized, structured questionnaire that is used to gather information about a patient’s mental health status. This type of interview is typically used in research studies and is designed to ensure that all patients are assessed in a consistent and standardized manner.
- Diagnostic Interview: A diagnostic interview is used to diagnose specific mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety disorders, or personality disorders. The mental health professional will ask a series of questions that are specific to the diagnosis in question, as well as questions about the patient’s symptoms, history, and other relevant factors.
- Crisis Intervention Interview: A crisis intervention interview is conducted in emergency situations, such as after a suicide attempt or during an acute psychotic episode. The goal of this type of interview is to quickly assess the patient’s mental health status, determine the level of risk, and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
- Psychodynamic Interview: A psychodynamic interview is a type of interview that is used to explore the patient’s unconscious thoughts, feelings, and motivations. The interviewer will ask open-ended questions that allow the patient to explore their feelings and experiences in depth.
What is the primary goal of data collection during the psychiatric interview?
The primary goal of data collection during a psychiatric interview is to gather comprehensive information about the patient’s current and past mental health status, symptoms, and functioning. This information is then used to make an accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan tailored to the individual’s specific needs.
During the interview, the clinician may ask questions about the patient’s mental health history, including any previous psychiatric diagnoses, medications, hospitalizations, and psychotherapy. They may also inquire about current symptoms, such as changes in mood, behavior, or thought processes, as well as any physical symptoms that may be related to mental health issues.
In addition to gathering information about the patient’s mental health, the clinician may also ask about their social and environmental factors, such as family and social support, substance use, and stressors. This information can help the clinician understand the patient’s overall situation and identify any factors that may be contributing to their mental health concerns.
Overall, the goal of data collection during a psychiatric interview is to obtain a thorough and accurate picture of the patient’s mental health and related factors, in order to provide the best possible care and treatment.